BBC News, London and Kyiv

The leader of the army of Ukraine, Gen. Alexander Syirski, said his troops have stopped Russian progress in the northeastern border region of sums.
During a visit to the front on Thursday, Syirski said that the battle line had been “stabilized” and that the Russian offensive for the summer in the area was “suffocated”.
However, Syrskyi also added that he personally went to check the fortifications in the region and that they were needed more.
Cyrian's comments about Ukrainian troops success in sums support the latest statements by Ukrainian officers that Russia's pressure on the region is decreasing.
However, the situation remained “variable”, said Border Guard spokesman Andri Demchenko earlier this week.
The sums bordered on the Russian region of Kursk, parts of which were seized and occupied last year by the Ukrainian forces in a surprising offensive before being almost completely expelled months later.
The invasion of Kursk was an embarrassment to Russia, and in April, President Vladimir Putin announced a plan to create “security zones” at the border to provide “additional support” to the areas in Russia border in the Harkiv areas, sums and Chernihiv in Ukraine.
Since then, Moscow has been pushing in the area of amounts with renewed efforts. At the end of May, Ukraine Volodimir Zelenski said that 50,000 of Russia's “largest, strongest” troops were concentrated at the border and plan to create a 10 km (6 miles) buffer area.
There is criticism of the lack of fortifications in some areas of the amounts region – and in his statement on Thursday, Syirski tried to extinguish the growing public problems regarding the delay in their construction.
“Additional fortifications, the creation of” murder zones “, the construction of corridors against the drone to protect our soldiers and to guarantee more reliable logistics for our troops, are obvious tasks that are being performed,” he said.
However, Syrskyi acknowledged that these improvements should be made better and more efficiently.
In the first days of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the lack of fortifications in certain parts of Ukraine allowed Moscow to make progress throughout the country – from its northern borders and from illegally applied Crimean Peninsula.
The window of opportunities to build fortifications in sums safely and quickly was in the fall of 2024, when the Ukrainian troops were still progressing in the border Kurk of Russia and the sums remained relatively unharmed.

It may be too late now, as Russia is undoubtedly well aware of the front line sections, in which there are no strong fortifications.
In the last few months, Moscow has claimed to have caught several villages while accumulating a city of heavy rocket launches, killing dozens. Single attack with a ballistic rocket on April 13 killed at least 34 people and injured 117S
Deepstate, a group that monitors the largest developments on the front line in Ukraine, quotes sources, confirming that the fight is raging in various non -salted areas of sums. The delays from the erection of “such necessary fortifications” or “the low quality of some of the dugouts” can no longer be ignored, according to Deepstate analysts.
Asked about the summer offensive at a forum in St. Petersburg last week, Putin said Russia was not “aimed to capture sums, but I don't exclude it.” He said the Russian forces had already established a buffer zone of 8-12 km in depth.
The full -scale invasion of Russia in Ukraine, launched in February 2022, is already in its fourth year.
The large -scale Russian attacks of drones against Ukrainian cities are increasing. In recent weeks, the capital Kiev has been aimed at a record number of drones that are flooding air protection and causing deadly explosions.
The last circles of negotiations between Ukraine and Russia have led to major exchanges of prisoners, but so far have failed to make tangible progress towards the cessation of fire.
Earlier this week, NATO Secretary General Mark Rute said that European and Canadian allies had promised € 35 billion (£ 30 billion; $ 41 billion) in Ukraine.
But in Kiev, he remains a nervousness regarding the level of commitment of US President Donald Trump to the Ukrainian cause and his variable relations with Zelenski.
However, Trump said on Wednesday a meeting, which he held with Zelenski on the sidelines of the NATO summit in the Hague, “could not be more good.”
He told the BBC Ukraine Myroslava Petsa at a press conference afterwards that he was considering delivering Kiev with American Patriot Air Defense missiles to defend himself against Russian strikes.
“We'll see if we could do some affordable. You know it's very difficult to get,” he said.