According to the study, in the ancient city, most likely the women who live in the “matriarchal society” more than 9,000 years ago were ruled publish In science this week.
Researchers retrieved ancient genomes from more than 130 skeletons from 35 different houses in çatalhöyük, ancient city It is considered one of the well -preserved neolithic settlements in southern Anatoly in Turkey. About 395 skeletons, mixtures of men and women were found in the tombstones under the floors of city houses. The city was occupied by more than 1000 years (9000 to 8000 BC) was known for its female figures, possible representatives of the “goddess of Mother” and signs of matriarchal society.
A team of geneticists, archaeologists and biological anthropologists used advanced technologies to analyze DNA skeletons for 12 years and found that the mother's lines play a key role in connecting the household members presented in each building.
In the early years, the family members were buried together, but the habits changed over time, and the researchers found that many dead had no biological connection. Where there was a genetic connection, it was through the women's line, believing that the husbands moved to the household after the marriage, the researchers said.
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Using the genetic sequence, the researchers estimated that from 70 to 100% of the women's offspring remained related to the buildings, while adult men -may have left. There was also an accurate picture of the prevailing treatment for women, and the results show five times more graves offered by women than men.
“We need to move away from our Western prejudice, which suggests that all patricians are patricians. Many cultures, including some indigenous Australian groups, convey the identity, land rights and duties on the line of the mother-matrilleneal system,” co-author of Dr. Hellen Shotsmans study, A scientist At School of Sciences University of Australia Wallongon, – Note In a statement.
These conclusions come a few months after researchers studying social networks in Keltic society in Britain, before the Roman invasion gathered genetic evidence from the late iron cemetery and find What women were closely linked, while unrelated men usually came to the community from other places probably after marriage.
Using an ancient DNA exam removed from 57 graves in Dorset in southwestern England, their study published in Magazine natureIt shows that two -thirds of the individuals came from one pedigree of the mother. This suggests that women had some control over land and property, as well as strong social support, the researchers said.
The researchers said after their conclusions, “it is possible that the maternal ancestry was the main hat of group identity.”
He contributed to this report.